TOKEN COIN: TATARSTAN
Token (1 kilogram of bread), 1992: Republic of Tatarstan
Republic of Tatarstan — part of the Russian Federation. On August 30, 1990, Tatarstan declared state sovereignty, which was supported by the majority of the population in a referendum in 1992. Despite this, Tatarstan was included in the Russian Federation in 2000. The capital is the city of Kazan.
ТАТАРСТАН: "Tatarstan" in Russian.
Söyembikä Tower also called the Khan's Mosque — probably the most familiar landmark and architectural symbol of Kazan.
Three ears of wheat in a ring national ornament (the token was used on a par with Russian money in stores when paying for regulated food products, as well as in social canteens).
Tatarstan tokens — a surrogate means of payment for the retail purchase of goods and services on the territory of Tatarstan. Introduced by the authorities of the republic in 1992 for social support of the poor and the sale of goods at regulated prices due to the sharp decline in the standard of living in Russia. The circulation of social and communal tokens was canceled in 2001.
In total, 2 types of Tatarstan tokens were produced: "bread" (one variety) and "fuel" (two varieties from different alloys, although with the same design).
- Bronze: 18 mm - 2 g
- Reference price: 2.7$
TOKEN COINS — WHERE & WHEN (coins catalog: by names & emitents)
- PROBABLY THOUSANDS AND THOUSANDS OF PRIVATE ISSUERS FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD
TOKEN COINS as coin name.
Token coins — coin-like objects used instead of coins.
They are often made of cheaper metals like aluminium, brass and tin, or non-metals like bakelite, leather and porcelain.
Token, unlike other (for example, notgeld) substitutes for national coins, does not contain a denomination.
A legal tender coin is issued by a governmental authority and is freely exchangeable for goods. A token coin has a narrower utility and is issued by a private entity.
One of the oldest types of tokens is the ancient Roman spintria, — a coin-like token that was widely used in ancient Rome to pay prostitutes.
Most often, each token has a highly specialized purpose, which gives its owner the right to receive one or another product or service: lunch, bread, beer, fuel, the right of travel by transport... Game tokens are also widely distributed.
Regarding the origin of the term "token", there are a number of versions. One of the trusted online sources suggests the following etymology: from Old English "tacen" (sign, symbol, evidence, portent) that related to verb "tæcan" (show, explain, teach"), from Proto-Germanic "taikną", from Proto-Indo-European "deyḱ" (to show, instruct, teach).
In reality, token is not coin and there is no place for it on this site :) However, many numismatists (beginners, as a rule) often consider some tokens to be coins. That's why I decided to mention them here.
